Among those who have no share in the World-to-Come, Abba Shaul includes 'one who pronounces the ineffable name of God as it is written, with its letters.' The tetragrammaton is preserved in writing in every scroll yet its pronunciation is deliberately withheld · the name survives only as an unspoken shape.
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Two legal codes, Roman and rabbinic, attach the supreme sanction (death of the divulger; forfeiture of eternity) to speaking one specific protecting name aloud · and both institutionalize the silence rather than the name.
Abba Shaul rules that 'one who pronounces the ineffable name of God as it is written, with its letters' has no share in the World-to-Come · the name stands written in every scroll while its utterance carries the maximum available penalty.
set against Pliny the Elder, Natural History…
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